Primary threats to the marine environment

Each of the big five stressors (not in order of magnitude), 1) Climate change; 2) Pollution (mainly coastal), 3) Fragmentation and habitat loss (from e.g. dredging/trawling, use of explosives in fishing on coral reefs etc.), 4) Invasive species infestations, and 5) Over-harvest from fisheries may individually or combined result in severe impacts on the biological…

  • Produced by:
    Hugo Ahlenius, UNEP/GRID-Arendal
  • Year:
    01/02/2008

Primary threats to the marine environment

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