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Whooper Swans, Laukvika
Whooper Swans (Cygnus cygnus) Photos taken in December 2021 in Laukvika, Lofoten, Arctic Norway by Peter Prokosch
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Aurora polaris, Laukvika, Lofoten
An aurora, also known as the polar lights or aurora polaris, is a natural light display in Earth's sky, predominantly seen in high-latitude regions…
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The importance of monitoring and assessment
Monitoring protocols generally include a description of the survey location (e.g. shoreline, sea surface, water column, seafloor, river or biota), classification (e.g. size, function,…
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Global and regional initiatives to combat plastic pollution
A myriad of actions are being taken by governments, individuals and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to combat the growing plastic litter problem, but they are…
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National policies
National policies to prevent marine litter and plastic pollution can support the implementation of the waste hierarchy, targeting prevention; minimization; reuse; recycling; other recovery,…
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The trade of plastic waste under the Basel Convention
In 2019 the Conference of the Parties decided to enhance control of plastic waste by amending Annexes II, VIII and IX to the Convention…
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The Basel Convention
The overarching objective of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal is to protect human health…
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Gender and plastic waste management
Women and men can have different perspectives and experiences with regard to resource use and waste management. While women tend to be visibly involved…
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Challenges and solutions for plastic waste management in developing countries
Improving waste management systems by making basic infrastructure upgrades to replace dumpsites (e.g. with properly engineered and managed landfills) could reduce plastic leakage into…
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Pros and cons of biodegradable plastics and bioplastics
Most popular biodegradable bio-based plastics on the market are the polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and the starch-based polymer polybutylene succinate (PBS (Greene and…
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Recycling, other types of recovery operations, and final disposal
Plastics can be recycled mechanically or chemically. Mechanical recycling involves sorting, cleaning, granulation/shredding, drying, melting, extrusion and pelletizing (Ragaert et al. 2017). An alternative…
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Collection of plastic waste
A large portion of the world population (at least 2 billion people) may lack access to solid waste collection systems (UNEP and ISWA 2015),…