OK Tedi Mine

The Ok Tedi mine, one of the largest copper mines in the world, demonstrates the difficulty of waste management in mountain environments and the…

Municipal Solid Waste Composition

The characteristics of solid waste generated in large mountain cities relates more to levels of development than to altitude. Solid waste produced in mountainous…

Distribution of Mountain Area and Population, 2012

Percentage of Mountain Area per Country

Timeline of K’ara K’ara Landfill

The K’ara K’ara dumpsite is located in Cochabamba, Bolivia and is about 25 ha in size. The total amount of waste in this landfill…

South America’s Highest Altitude Mines

The same geological processes that have created the mountains of the world have also produced rich mineral belts including gold, copper, zinc, lead and…

Highest Cities in the World

Most of the world’s large mountainous cities are found in the southern hemisphere in developing countries in the low to middle income bracket; high…

The Waste Implications of Climbing and Trekking on Mount Everest

The number of climbers attempting the summit of Mount Everest has risen drastically since its first ascent in 1953, especially from the early 1990s…

Typical Debris Streams for Different Types of Disasters

Apart from the direct cost to human lives and property, disasters have significant waste implications. Disasters can generate a huge amount of waste in…

Artisanal Gold Mining and Mercury Emissions

Tourism Impact on Aconcagua Provincial Park – Argentina

Case studies suggest that the number of people mountaineering and trekking has increased over the years across different mountain ranges (Lew and Han, 2015;…

Whale bones on the beach, Antarctic Peninsula

There are 8 species of whale in the Southern Oceans surrounding Antarctica, including the blue whale, humpback whale, minke, orca and sperm whales. All…