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Bioenergy, general concept
The development of biorefineries can greatly support efforts to increase resource efficiency. Biorefineries integrate biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuel, power, and…
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Average water requirement for biofuels
The figure shows average water requirement for biofuels. Underlying data need to be interpreted in context. For example, rainfed jatropha is produced in Mali…
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Global production of biofuels
Global production of biofuels. In 2009, liquid biofuels provided 2.7% of all global road transport fuels.
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Energy costs in Bot Trang village, Cambodia
Over the past few years a small energy revolution has taken place in the village of Bot Trang in northwest Cambodia. Bot Trang is…
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Nitrogen runoff
Fertilizer and pesticides used to cultivate feedstocks, as well as contaminated effluents discharged from conversion plants, can cause increasing levels of pollution to waterways.…
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Potential biofuels production on abandoned agricultural land
Land-use planning is one strategy to manage competition for land and, at the same time, reduce environmental and social impacts. Assessment of land suitability…
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World biofuels production trends
Production trends indicate that the supply of both ethanol and biodiesel is steadily increasing, although the global ethanol market is more than four times…
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Biofuels in China: crop production and water scarcity
In 2009 China produced 2 billion litres of biofuels, ranking the country third behind Brazil and the USA. The Chinese government has set ambitious…
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Green jobs
If properly planned and managed, biofuels can contribute to a number of policy objectives which support the development of the green economy. For example,…
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Vital Caspian Graphics 2 – Opportunities, Aspirations and Challenges, 2012
The Caspian Sea region has witnessed important developments in the past decade and many opportunities are still available. The region is a major supplier…
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When the Kara Bogaz Gol vanished
Comparing a series of satellite images from different periods a Californian hydrologist discovered in 1983 that a huge white spot had taken the place…
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Total trade in sturgeon caviar
The Caspian area is the world’s main producer of wild caviar (83% in 2003) and supplies the four largest markets, the European Union, United…