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Mean sea surface temperature
Mean sea surface temperature in winter and summer.
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Regional land degradation
Climate change has increased the frequency and intensity of weather-related events and natural disasters such as floods, droughts, landslides, avalanches, debris flows and mud…
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Caspian basin
The Caspian Sea runs north and south, extending over 1 200 kilometres, with an average width of 320 kilometres, with 7 000 km coastline.…
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Discharge of selected pollutants
Discharge of selected pollutants around Caspian sea. Air quality has generally improved in recent years, mainly because industrial production has dropped drastically since the…
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Comb jelly (Mnemiopsis leidyi) is spreading in the European seas
North American comb jelly (Mnemiopsis leidyi) was brought accidentally to the Caspian in the ballast water of oil tankers. A voracious feeder on zooplankton…
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Population density and urban centres
Apart from two large urban areas – Baku- Sumgait and Makhachkala-Kaspisk – and the Iranian coast on the southern shore, a very densely populated…
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Ethnolinguistic groups in the Caspian basin
The Caspian region has plenty to choose from when exploring past and present civilizations and cultures, historical monuments and the beauty of its natural…
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A moment in the life of Kara Bogaz Gol
Comparing a series of satellite images from different periods a Californian hydrologist discovered in 1983 that a huge white spot had taken the place…
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Pesticides and heavy metals in sediments
Often, once the oil extraction activity stops, waste remains and constitutes a hazard. In Kazakhstan there are 19 oilfields with 1485 oil wells in…
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Historical decline of the Caspian seal (Pusa caspica)
The Caspian seal (Pusa caspica) population has declined by more than 90% since the start of the 20th century, falling from more than 1…
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Annual discharge into the Caspian Sea
Most of the water flowing into the sea comes from coastal rivers – currently supplying 300 to 310 km3 a year. The Volga alone…
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Total population per region, district or oblast
Apart from two large urban areas – Baku- Sumgait and Makhachkala-Kaspisk – and the Iranian coast on the southern shore, a very densely populated…