Shrinking of Fedchenko Glacier in the Pamirs of Tajikistan

Significant loss of glaciers in Central Asia began around the 1930s, and become more dramatic in the second half of the 20th century and…

Time series of freeze-up and break-up dates from selected Northern Hemisphere lakes and rivers, 1846–1995

Limited by the availability of detailed observations, most historical evaluations of changes in freshwater ice have focused on relatively simple characteristics, such as the…

Caucasus ice-rock avalanche in Russian Republic of North Ossetia

An ice-rock avalanche in the Kazbek region sheared off almost the entire Kolka Glacier and devastated the Genaldon valley. The satellite images show the…

Increases in annual temperatures for a recent five-year period, relative to 1951-1980

Warming is widespread, generally greater over land than over oceans, and the largest gains in temperatures for the planet are over the North American…

Glacier front variations in the European Alps

Large Alpine glaciers have retreated continuously since the mid- 19th century, whereas steep mid-sized glaciers reacted with readvances in the 1890s, 1920s and between…

Trends in permafrost temperatures during the last 23 to 28 years in northern Alaska

There has been a general increase in permafrost temperatures during the last several decades in Alaska, northwest Canada, Siberia, and northern Europe. Permafrost temperature…

Regional changes in Arctic and Antarctic sea ice

There are major regional differences for the Arctic sea ice, with the strongest decline in ice extent observed for the Greenland Sea (10.6 per…

Northern Hemisphere snow-cover extent anomalies 1966-2005

Data from satellite monitoring from 1966 to 2005 show that mean monthly snow-cover extent in the Northern Hemisphere is decreasing at a rate of…

Melting ice on Mount Kilimanjaro, East Africa

Close to 50 per cent of the glaciers in Africa, on the Rwenzori Mountains, Mount Kenya and Kilimanjaro have disappeared, while larger glaciers –…

Schematic diagram of glacier, permafrost and forest limits as a function of mean annual air temperature and average annual precipitation

Glaciers and ice caps form around the world where snow deposited during the cold/humid season does not entirely melt during warm/dry times. This seasonal…

Variations in snow depth and ice cover, alpine lake at Hardangervidda plateau, Norway

Climate warming means that lowland lakes typically are experiencing longer ice-free periods, promoting greater biological productivity. However, despite this warming trend, biological productivity may…

Trends in Arctic sea ice extent in March (maximum) and September (minimum) in the time period of 1979–2008

For the Northern Hemisphere (primarily the Arctic), observations using remote sensing technologies have been used to measure the extent and the to assess the…