Relative changes in food supply (crops and livestock): industrial and developing countries

Over the past 40 years, globally, intensification of cultivated systems has been the primary source (almost 80%) of increased output. But some countries, predominantly…

Locations reported by various studies as undergoing high rates of land cover change in the past few decades

In the case of forest cover change, the studies refer to the period 1980–2000 and are based on national statistics, remote sensing, and, to…

Total carbon market value per year

The total value of the carbon market for 2003 topped $300 million. And, depending on international regulation, some observers project that it will increase…

Net national savings in 2001 adjusted for investments in human capital, natural resource depletion, and damage caused by pollution compared with standard net national savings measurements

Positive values for national savings (expressed as a percent of gross national income) reflect a gain in wealth for a nation. Standard measures do…

Forest systems

Forest systems are lands dominated by trees; they are often used for timber, fuelwood, and non-wood forest products. The map shows areas with a…

Proportion of population with improved sanitation coverage in 2002

Access to improved sanitation is estimated by the percentage of the population using the following sanitation facilities: connection to a public sewer, connection to…

Human population growth rates, 1990–2000, and per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and biological productivity in 2000 in ecological systems

Millennium Assessment systems with the lowest net primary productivity and lowest GDP tended to have the highest population growth rates between 1990 and 2000.…

Linkages between ecosystem services and human well-being

There are many linkages between categories of ecosystem services and components of human well-being. They includes indications of the extent to which it is…

Local adaptations of Millenium Assessment (MA) conceptual framework

The MA framework was applied in a wide range of assessments at multiple scales. Particularly for the more local assessments, the framework needed to…

Reactive nitrogen on earth by human activity, with projection to 2050

The range of the natural rate of bacterial nitrogen fixation in natural terrestrial ecosystems (excluding fixation in agroecosystems) is shown for comparison. Human activity…

Urban, dryland, and polar systems

Urban systems are built environments with a high human density. For mapping purposes, the MA uses known human settlements with a population of 5,000…

Contribution of ecosystems to historical radiative forcing and current greenhouse gas emissions

Radiative forcing caused by changes in atmospheric composition, alteration in land surface reflectance (albedo), and variation in the output of the sun for the…